Introduction
As people’s demand for medical services continues to increase, small hospitals have become one of the important ways to meet basic medical needs. Small-scale hospitals play a vital role in providing essential healthcare services to communities, particularly in rural or underserved areas. The design of small medical institutions should take into account the basic needs of medical services, such as diagnosis, treatment, nursing, etc. Different functional areas should be arranged in a reasonable layout to facilitate the operation of medical personnel and improve the efficiency of medical services.
Building and Facilities
Structurally Sound Building: The hospital should be constructed to meet local building codes and standards, ensuring it can withstand environmental factors and remain safe for occupants.
Adequate Space: Sufficient space is essential to accommodate patient rooms, clinical areas, administrative offices, waiting rooms, and other necessary facilities.
Utility Services: Reliable access to electricity, clean water, and sanitation services is crucial for hospital operations.
Safety Measures: Implement fire safety measures, including fire exits, extinguishers, and smoke detectors, as well as security measures for the safety of patients and staff.
The architectural layout of small hospitals must be planned systematically and scientifically in strict accordance with the medical functions, so that the direction of people and logistics is reasonable, the planes on the same floor are barrier-free, the medical area is laid with non-slip and anti-noise floors, and the walls of the wards and corridors are easy to use. Materials used for cleaning and disinfection, and corners should be designed to be dust-proof.
In small hospitals, each department should have strict design requirements. There should be a treatment room, injection room, infusion room, treatment room, observation room, and a blood transfusion department or blood bank according to relevant regulations and clinical blood needs. At the same time, there should be at least a comprehensive office (party building office), a medical department (quality control Department), Nursing Department, Hospital Infectious Diseases Department, Public Health Management Department, Financial Assets Department, Information Department, Medical Records Room, etc. can be set up if conditions permit.
The emergency department should have independent entrances and exits and return lanes, an open rescue environment, and all necessary first aid equipment; the location of the ICU should have a reasonable layout, with good natural lighting and purified artificial environment control; the operating room should be The location should be in a quiet environment with clear air and sufficient light, away from departments with bacterial infections. The operating area of each operating room should be at least 25 square meters. The partitions and passages should be reasonably designed to meet the requirements of hospital infection control.
The disinfection supply room should meet the requirements of the Ministry of Health’s disinfection supply room acceptance standards; each drug store should be set up separately, and the area of the inpatient department, outpatient department laboratory department, and pharmacy should meet the requirements; the hospital should set up a complete information management system, and the information network should be safe and smooth , the per capita computer ownership rate in the hospital should be no less than 50% to achieve information sharing; the hospital should have barrier-free passages and facilities that are convenient for disabled people.
Medical Equipment
Clinical diagnosis and treatment equipment: ventilators, anesthesia machines, ECG monitors, external defibrillators, automatic blood monitors, central oxygen inhalation devices, concentration meters for inhalation anesthesia, various surgical instruments, physical factor treatment equipment , Cerebral blood flow grapher, frozen microtome, bedside X-ray machine, 500AMX ray machine, film processor, arthroscope, electromyography machine, B-ultrasound, cervical traction equipment, lumbar traction equipment, joint function assessment device, Myometry, electromagnetic therapy machine, interventional therapy equipment, ion introduction machine, various walking aids, etc.
Testing equipment:urine analyzer, biochemical analyzer, microscope, blood analyzer, electrolyte analyzer, blood gas analyzer, enzyme reader, enzyme plate washer, constant temperature incubator, etc.
Supply room equipment:It must be configured according to the corresponding acceptance standards of the hospital disinfection supply room of the Ministry of Health.
Ward equipment:Equipped with oxygen supply, sputum suction, call system and multi-functional hospital bed. The ward is equipped with bed unit sterilizer.
Patient Care Facilities
Patient Rooms: Comfortable and hygienic patient rooms equipped with beds, bedside tables, and adequate lighting are essential.
Operating Rooms:Sterile operating rooms with appropriate ventilation, surgical lights, and anesthesia equipment for minor surgical procedures.
Emergency Department: Equipped with necessary supplies and emergency care equipment.
Pharmacy: A well-organized pharmacy with storage for medications and a dispensing area.
Radiology and Imaging: A designated area for X-ray and other imaging procedures.
Administrative and Support Facilities
Reception and Waiting Areas: Comfortable waiting rooms with seating for patients and their families.
Administrative Offices: Space for hospital administration, medical records, and staff offices.
Medical Records System: Implement an electronic medical records system to ensure efficient patient data management.
Kitchen and Cafeteria: Provision of meals for patients and staff.
Laundry and Housekeeping: Adequate facilities for maintaining cleanliness and hygiene in the hospital.
Ambulance and Transportation
Ambulance Service:Access to a dedicated ambulance service for patient transport in emergencies or referrals to larger medical facilities.
Conclusion
To strengthen the construction of medical quality in small hospitals, we should improve the ability to diagnose and treat common and frequently-occurring diseases in outpatient clinics, provide diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation, and nursing services for general diseases, and encourage the construction of special departments based on the needs of the masses; strengthen the construction of inpatient wards, rationally set up beds, and provide small The hospital mainly provides beds for the elderly, rehabilitation, nursing, and hospice care, and encourages the establishment of beds in internal medicine, surgery, gynecology, and pediatrics where possible, and the establishment of family beds to continuously improve the efficiency of hospital bed use.
In conclusion, a small-scale hospital’s ability to provide quality healthcare services is contingent on its infrastructure and equipment.Meeting these requirements is essential for ensuring patient safety, delivering proper medical care, and serving the healthcare needs of the community. Complying with local regulations and healthcare standards is paramount in establishing a well-functioning small hospital.
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